Rust Programming Language Skill Assessment Quiz 2022 | LinkedIn Skill Assessment Quiz | LinkedIn | MNC Answers

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Rust (Programming Language)

Q1. Which type cast preserves the mathematical value in all cases?

•  i64 as i32
•  usize as u64
•  i32 as i64
•  f64 as f32

Q2. What do the vertical bars represent here?

str::thread::spawn(|| {
    println!("LinkedIn");
});

•  a closure
•  a thread
•  a future
•  a block

reference

Q3. Which choice is not a scalar data type?

•  integer
•  float
•  boolean
•  tuple

Q4. _ cannot be destructured.

•  Traits
•  Tuples
•  Enums
•  Structs

reference

Q5. Which cargo command checks a program for error without creating a binary executable?

•  cargo --version
•  cargo init
•  cargo build
•  cargo check

Q6. The term box and related phrases such as boxing a value are often used when relating to memory layout. What does box refer to?

•  It's creating a pointer on the heap that points to a value on the stack.
•  It's creating a pointer on the stack that points to a value on the heap.
•  It's creating a memory guard around values to prevent illegal access.
•  It's an abstraction that refers to ownership. "Boxed" values are clearly labelled.

Q7. What is an alternative way of writing slice that produces the same result?

...
let s = String::form("hello");
let slice = &s[0..2];

•  let slice = &s[len + 2];
•  let slice = &s[len - 2];
•  let slice = &s.copy(0..2);
•  let slice = &s[..2];

Q8. Using the ? operator at the end of an expression is equivalent to _.

•  a match pattern that branches into True or False
•  calling ok_error()
•  calling panic!()
•  a match pattern that may result an early return

Q9. Which is valid syntax for defining an array of i32 values?

•  Array::with_capacity(10)
•  [i32]
•  Array::new(10)
•  [i32; 10]

Q10. What syntax is required to take a mutable reference to T, when used within a function argument?

fn increment(i: T) {
    // body elided
}

•  *mut T
•  mut ref T
•  mut &T
•  &mut T

Q11. The smart pointers Rc and Arc provide reference counting. What is the API for incrementing a reference count?

•  .add()
•  .incr()
•  .clone()
•  .increment()

reference

Q12. What happens when an error occurs that is being handled by the question mark (?) operator?

•  The error is reported and execution continues.
•  An exception is raised. The effect(s) of the exception are defined by the error! macro.
•  The program panics immediately.
•  Rust attempts to convert the error to the local function's error type and return it as Result::Err. If that fails, the program panics.

Q13. Which comment syntax is not legal?

•  /*
•  #
•  //!
•  //

Q14. In matching patterns, values are ignored with _.

•  .ignore()
•  an underscore (_)
•  .. [answer]
•  skip

Q15. Defining a _ requires a lifetime parameter.

•  function that ends the lifetime of one of its arguments
•  struct that contains a reference to a value
•  function with a generic argument
•  struct that contains a reference to a boxed value

Rust book reference

Q16. Which example correctly uses std::collections::HashMap's Entry API to populate counts?

use std::collections::HashMap;
fn main() {
    let mut counts = HashMap::new();
    let text = "LinkedIn Learning";
    for c in text.chars() {
        // Complete this block
    }
    println!("{:?}", counts);
}

• [ ]

for c in text.chars() {
    if let Some(count) = &mut counts.get(&c) {
        counts.insert(c, *count + 1);
    } else {
        counts.insert(c, 1);
    };
}

• [x]

for c in text.chars() {
    let count = counts.entry(c).or_insert(0);
    *count += 1;
}

• [ ]

for c in text.chars() {
    let count = counts.entry(c);
    *count += 1;
}

• [ ]

for c in text.chars() {
    counts.entry(c).or_insert(0).map(|x| x + 1);
}

reference

Q17. Which fragment does not incur memory allocations while writing to a "file" (represented by a Vec)?

use std::collections::HashMap;

fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let mut v = Vec::<u8>::new();

    let a = "LinkedIn";
    let b = 123;
    let c = '🧀';

    // replace this line

    println!("{:?}", v);

    Ok(())
}

• [x]

write!(&mut v, "{}{}{}", a, b, c)?;

• [ ]

v.write(a)?;
v.write(b)?;
v.write(c)?;

• [ ]

v.write(a, b, c)?;

• [ ]

v.write_all(a.as_bytes())?;
v.write_all(&b.to_string().as_bytes())?;
c.encode_utf8(&mut v);

1. Answered in rust user forum
2. reference

Q18. Does the main function compile? If so, why? If not, what do you need to change?

fn main() {
    let Some(x) = some_option_value;
}

•  The code does not compile. let statements require a refutable pattern. Add if before let.
•  The code compiles. let statements sometimes require a refutable pattern.
•  The code does not compile. let statements requires an irrefutable pattern. Add if before let.
•  The code compiles. let do not require a refutable pattern.

Q19. Which statement about lifetimes is false?

•  Lifetimes were redundantly specified in previous version of Rust.
•  Lifetimes are specified when a struct is holding a reference to a value.
•  Lifetimes are specified when certain values must outlive others.
•  Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler.

Q20. When used as a return type, which Rust type plays a similar role to Python's None, JavaScript's null, or the void type in C/C++?

•  !
•  None
•  Null
•  ()

Q21. To convert a Result to an Option, which method should you use?

•  .as_option()
•  .ok()
•  .to_option()
•  .into()

Q22. Which statement about the Clone and Copy traits is false?

•  Copy is enabled for primitive, built-in types.
•  Without Copy, Rust applies move semantics to a type's access.
•  When using Clone, copying data is explicit.
•  Until a type implements either Copy or Clone, its internal data cannot be copied.

ref from stack overflow

Q23. Why does this code not compile?

fn returns_closure() -> dyn Fn(i32) -> i32 {
    |x| x + 1
}

•  The returned fn pointer and value need to be represented by another trait.
•  Closures are types, so they cannot be returned directly from a function.
•  Closures are types and can be returned only if the concrete trait is implemented.
•  Closures are represented by traits, so they cannot be a return type.

Rust book reference

Q24. What smart pointer is used to allow multiple ownership of a value in various threads?

•  Arc<T>
•  Box<T>
•  Both Arc<T> and Rc<T> are multithread safe.
•  Rc<T>

Rust book reference

Q25. Which types are not allowed within an enum variant's body?

•  zero-sized types
•  structs
•  trait objects
•  floating-point numbers

Reference

Q26. Which statement about this code is true?

fn main() {
    let c = 'z';
    let heart_eyed_cat = '😻';
}

•  Both are character literals.
•  heart_eyed_cat is an invalid expression.
•  c is a string literal and heart_eyed_cat is a character literal.
•  Both are string literals.

Reference

Q27. Your application requires a single copy of some data type T to be held in memory that can be accessed by multiple threads. What is the thread-safe wrapper type?

•  Mutex<Arc<T>>
•  Rc<Mutex<T>>
•  Arc<Mutex<T>>
•  Mutex<Rc<T>>

Rust book reference

Q28. Which idiom can be used to concatenate the strings a, b, c?

let a = "a".to_string();
let b = "b".to_string();
let c = "c".to_string();

•  String::from(a,b,c)
•  format!("{}{}{}", a, b, c)
•  concat(a,b,c)
•  a + b + c

Q29. In this function. what level of access is provided to the variable a?

use std::fmt::Debug;

fn report<T:Debug>(a: &T) {
    eprintln!("info: {:?}", a);
}

•  print
•  read-only
•  read/write
•  debug

Q30. Which choice is not valid loop syntax?

•  loop
•  for
•  while
•  do

Q31. How do you construct a value of Status that is initialized to Waiting?

enum Status {
    Waiting,
    Busy,
    Error(String),
}

•  let s = Enum::new(Status::Waiting);
•  let s = new Status::Waiting;
•  let s = Status::Waiting;
•  let s = Status::new(Waiting);

Q32. Which statement about enums is false?

•  Enums are useful in matching patterns.
•  Option is an enum type.
•  Enum variants can have different types with associated data.
•  the term enum is short for enummap

Q33. What does an underscore (_) indicate when used as pattern?

•  It matches everything.
•  It matches underscores.
•  It matches any value that has a length of 1.
•  It matches nothing.

Q34. What is a safe operation on a std::cell:UnsafeCell<T>?

•  A &mut T reference is allowed. However it may not cpexists with any other references. and may be created only in single-threaded code.
•  UnsafeCell<T> provides thread-safety. Therefore, creating &T references from multiple threads is safe.
•  The only safe operation is the .get() method, which returns only a raw pointer.
•  Non. UnsafeCell<T> only allows code that would otherwise need unsafe blocks to be written in safe code.

Reference

Q35. Generics are useful when you _.

•  need to reduce code duplication by concretizing values and restricting parameters in functions
•  need to reduce code duplication by abstracting values further, such as in function parameters
•  need a supertrait
•  are not sure if you need a specific kind of trait

Q36. How do you create a Rust project on the command-line?

•  cargo new
•  rustup init
•  cargo start
•  rust new-project

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